<p>The Roberts Ranch  is a historic site in Immokalee, Florida. It is located at 1215 Roberts Avenue. On October 4, 2003, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Immokalee Pioneer Museum</h2><br>
<p>The Immokalee Pioneer Museum, located at Roberts Ranch, is a 15 acre open-air museum that includes 19 preserved buildings of the original ranch. The Ranch is operated as one of the 5 Collier County Museums. Displays focus on late 19th century ranch life at the edge of the Big Cypress Swamp.</p><br>
<p>The museum had a replica of Francis A. Hendry&#39;s Confederate officer uniform created, which is sometimes worn for visitors.</p><br>
<p>The Naples Historical Society&#39;s Historic Palm Cottage  is a historic home in Naples, Florida. It is located in the Naples Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The antiques filled cottage, is a rare example of tabby mortar construction. The Historic Palm Cottage is Naples oldest house (1895) and is proudly maintained by the Naples Historical Society and is located at 137 12th Avenue South,(at Gulfshore Blvd.) a block East of Naples Pier. On May 24, 1982, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It was the summer cottage of the Louisville, Ky Courier Journal and Times then owner/editor, Walter N. Haldeman. Other Louisvillians owned homes in the area in this era.</p><br>
<p>The house is owned and operated as a museum by the Naples Historical Society. The house has been decorated to reflect the early 1900s, and include the adjacent Norris Gardens, which feature five distinct themed areas and both the garden and house are open for docent guided tours Tuesdays through Saturdays from 1:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m.</p><br>
<p>More information at: http://www.napleshistoricalsociety.org/</p><br>
<p>The Capt. John Foley Horr House is the historic residence of Captain John Foley Horr on the southern portion of Marco Island, Florida. It is located at the north side of Whiskey Creek Drive on Key Marco . Horr also established a citrus grove and pineapple plantation on the island. On October 8, 1997, the house, used by Horr as a residence, was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. Today, only tabby ruins of the house remain.</p><br>
<p>The Walasi-Yi Interpretive Center is a small stone building located along US 19/129 at Neels Gap, Georgia, United States, on the eastern side of Blood Mountain. It is notable as the only place where the 2,175-mile-long Appalachian Trail passes through a man-made structure. It is currently the first mail-drop available to northbound thru-hikers that does not require one to leave the trail.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Originally a log structure built by a logging company, the building took its present form during the 1930s when it was rebuilt by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). It served as a restaurant and inn until 1965, when it was abandoned. Soon after, the building was rented by an artist group who used it until 1969 when it was again left vacant.</p><br>
<p>By the mid-1970s the building was slated for demolition, but a group of conservation-minded locals lobbied successfully for its inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. Spared from destruction, the building served as an irregular store to hikers and tourists until 1983 when Jeff and Dorothy Hansen took over management of what became known as Mountain Crossings at Walasi-Yi.</p><br>
<p>In the 1990s, the store was operated by Peggy and Justin. Famous travel book author Bill Bryson visited the store for his book “A Walk in the Woods“. The building was then leased and operated by Winton Porter from 2001 to 2013. Porter wrote a book about his experiences and the unusual events and characters he saw there called Just Passin&#39; Through (2009). It is currently operated by Logan and Georganna Seamon.</p><br>
<p>Currently, in addition to the outfitter the Walasi-Yi center offers a hostel. The bunks in the hostel are at a premium in early spring when the vast majority of northbound thru-hikers are traveling through northern Georgia.</p><br>
<p>Carr Mill Mall is a small, local shopping mall located in Carrboro, North Carolina. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Alberta Mill Complex. It is also a host for numerous local live performances and other cultural events.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1898 by Thomas F. Lloyd, it was formerly a cotton mill known as the Alberta Cotton Mill. By 1913, it had become one of the world&#39;s largest hardwood cross-tie makers, shipping them on train tracks adjacent to the mall that continue past Carrboro to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. In 1909, the Julian Carr family bought the mill. In 1913, Carrboro, previously known as West End, was renamed "Venable" in honor of Francis P. Venable, the president of the University of North Carolina at that time. The mill closed by 1930. In 1945, the mill re-opened and remained open until the 1960s.</p><br>
<p>In 1974, the Carrboro Board of Aldermen voted to have the building torn down to build a shopping mall on the site. In light of community opposition to the plan, the idea was scrapped, and the mill complex was renovated and reopened as Carr Mill Mall. The complex now houses numerous restaurants and stores as well as commercial office space on its upper levels.</p><br>
<p>The song "Freight Train" by Elizabeth &#39;Libba" Cotten was inspired by the train that ran on the State University Railroad spur past her house on Lloyd St, and which served the needs of Carr Mill. Cotten wrote the song in the early 1900s, as a young teenager.</p><br>
<p>The David Davis Mansion, also known as Clover Lawn, is a Gilded Age home in Bloomington, Illinois that was the residence of David Davis, Supreme Court justice  and USA Senator from Illinois. The mansion has been a state museum since 1960. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972 and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1975.</p><br>
<p>Set in a residential neighborhood on Bloomington&#39;s near-south-side, the three-story yellow brick mansion comprises 36 rooms in an Italianate villa style.</p><br>
<p>The mansions lot includes an 1872 wood house, a barn and stable, privies, a foaling shed, carriage barn, and a flower and ornamental cutting garden."Sarahs Garden", the Victorian cut flower garden, with original heirloom roses and perennials began restoration in 2001.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In celebration of the 2018 Illinois Bicentennial, the mansion was selected as one of the Illinois 200 Great Places by the American Institute of Architects Illinois component (AIA Illinois).</p><br>
<h2>Tours</h2><br>
<p>The home is open to the general public from Wednesday through Saturday. Many seasonal events are held at the house, including "The Glorious Garden Festival", "Christmas at the Mansions", "A Gilded Age Christmas", and several antique car shows. The mansion is lavishly decorated during the winter holiday season for Christmas.</p><br>
<p>The Haish Memorial Library  was designed by Chicago architects White and Weber  and built in the art deco style of the 1930s with funds left to the library by Jacob Haish in his 1928 will. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building, located in DeKalb, Illinois, was dedicated in 1931 after construction during 1930. Constructed using funds willed by Jacob Haish, $150,000 to be precise, the building marked the first time the DeKalb Library had its own building. Previously it was in the second floor of city hall, then at 125 S. 2nd St., in DeKalb. From 1923 until the Haish Library&#39;s dedication the library was housed on the second floor of the Daily Chronicle building on Lincoln Highway.</p><br>
<p>Its facade is constructed from Indiana Bedford limestone and reflects the art deco style prominent during the 1920s and 1930s. Designed by Chicago-based White & Weber, the library was originally capable of housing 80,000 volumes. The building also had an exhibition hall that could be accessed by a separate entrance. The main entrance features a formal garden. In 1979 a major addition to the library opened, the West Wing. With its addition to the National Historic Register in 1980 the Haish Memorial Library joined other DeKalb landmarks with that designation such as the Egyptian Theatre, the Gurler House, the Ellwood House and the Glidden House.</p><br>
<p>The Salem Downtown Historic District is a national historic district located at Salem, Washington County, Indiana. The original plat of the town, founded in 1814, is within the district. It is bounded by Mulberry and Hackberry Street in the north, Hayes Street in the east, the CSX railroad tracks in the south, and Brock Creek to the west. It encompasses 253 contributing buildings, 3 contributing structures, and 5 contributing objects in the central business district of Salem. The district was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. Its architectural styles are Italianate, Gothic Revival, Classical Revival, Late Victorian, Early Republic, and Late 19th/20th Century Revivals.</p><br>
<p>Within the District are several building which are individually listed on the National Register:</p><br>
<p>Hay-Morrison House, two blocks east of the square, which is part of the John Hay Center</p><br>
<p>Washington County Courthouse was placed on the National Register of in 1980. It was built in Richardsonian Romanesque architectural style by Harry P. McDonald of Louisville and his brother in 1888, the third courthouse at that location. Limestone from the area was used in the construction.</p><br>
<p>Washington County Jail and Sheriffs Residence is a half block south of the courthouse square. It was placed on the National Register in 1984. It was built by Joseph Balsley in a Second Empire architectural style. It is now a womens and Children&#39;s shelter.</p><br>
<p>First Baptist Church, two blocks northeast of the square, was placed on the National Register in 1985. It was built by R.C. Stephans in 1921. It is of Romanesque style architecture.</p><br>
<p>Markers on the square note when John Hunt Morgan raided the town, with a cannon pointing as it did on that day when the Raiders arrived in town. The Salem Presbyterian Church, one block east of the square, is on the state register of historic places; all on the National register are automatically on the state register.</p><br>
<p>Image:Salem_IN_Courthouse.jpgCounty Courthouse</p><br>
<p>Image:Salem_IN_Jail.jpgJail and Sheriff&#39;s Residence</p><br>
<p>Image:Salem_IN_First_Baptist_Church.jpgFirst Baptist Church</p><br>
<p>The Washington County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located at Salem, Washington County, Indiana. It was designed by Harry P. McDonald and his brother, both of Louisville, and built in 1886. It is a Richardsonian Romanesque building and faced with limestone from the area was used in the construction. It is two-stories above a raised basement and features a five-story corner clock tower with a conical roof. It is the third courthouse at that location.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It is located within the Salem Downtown Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The John Hay Center is on the eastern edge of the Salem Downtown Historic District in Salem, Indiana. It comprises:</p><br>
<p>Hay-Morrison House: birthplace and home of Abraham Lincolns private secretary and Secretary of State under William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt, John Hay, and is on the National Register of Historic Places since 1971. It was purchased in 1837 by Hays father, Dr. Charles Hay. The Washington County Historical Society purchased the home in 1967, and restored it to an 1840 appearance.</p><br>
<p>Pioneer Village: a "living village" typical of the 1840s in Indiana. The general store and post office were from New Philadelphia, Indiana, and the bell tower, blacksmith, cabin, carpenter, church, jail, loom, school, and smokehouse buildings were constructed of logs from old Washington County stores and homes.</p><br>
<p>Stevens Memorial Museum: It was built in 1970 from materials of several local historic buildings, particularly brick. It holds several artifacts of Indiana and American importance, and a genealogy center. Exhibits include a dentist office, a local candy maker, and antebellum attorneys. Additions were added in 1984 and 1995.</p><br>
<p>Depot Railroad Museum: Built to resemble the depot burned by John Hunt Morgan in 1863, and holds various railroad memorabilia and panoramas of the Washington County, Indiana landscape in historical times. This includes a money chest that was checked by Morgan&#39;s Raiders for money, and when it revealed only tools, the depot was burned. It was dedicated on September 22, 2001, thanks to the efforts of local retired newspaper editor Cecil Smith; whose collection was the basis of the depot, with several grants from contributors and 39 students moved the model trains to the newly built building.</p><br>
<p>No money was ever borrowed to make improvements on the center; everything was paid with funds already in hand. The center was the brainchild of native Everett Dean, who had a fondness for local history. Much of his memorabilia are within the museum.</p><br>
<p>File:Hay_Center_Cabin.jpgCabins in the Pioneer Village</p><br>
<p>File:Hay_Center_festival.jpgOld Settlers Days festival within the Center</p><br>
<p>File:Hay_Depot_Museum_panorama.jpgPanorama inside the Depot</p><br>
<p>Becks Mill is a historic gristmill in Washington County, Indiana, in the United States. It is seven miles  southwest of Salem. It was built in 1808, rebuilt in 1864 after a fire, one year after John Hunt Morgan demanded ransom for every Washington County mill to be spared from burning. The mill was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. It was on the list of the Historic Landmarks Foundation of Indianas 10 Most Endangered historic places in 2005 and 2006, but was not in 2007 because it received funding for its restoration.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The mill is situated in a rocky ravine surrounded by sycamores and maples. It is at one of the highest elevations in Indiana, at 946 ft above sea level.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The site of the mill was originally an Indian burial ground, with the Shawnee and Delaware tribes living nearby. The Indians were presumably displeased when the first white man on the land, George Beck arrived from North Carolina with his sons to the Indiana Territory in 1807, after brief stops in Kentucky. Once establishing a place to live near the future site of his mill and building a primitive shelter, he retrieved the rest of his family, who were living near Louisville, Kentucky, a few months later.</p><br>
<p>While exploring his property, Beck saw a waterfall coming out of a cave while hunting on the property. He quickly decided it would be a perfect place for a mill. This waterfall, which is actually a spring, is the second largest spring in Indiana. The cave is a mile-long, and provides water throughout the year. The first mill was built in 1808, and was 11 ft x 11 ft stone and log structure. Beck built a small dam uphill west of the mill, which through gravity would create a low head of pressure for water to go through wooden troughs to turn the mill wheel, which was overshot. Some of the stones used for mill were buhr, and were brought to the site from Louisville, but originally from France. A second mill, built in 1825, was a frame building considerably larger than the first mill, which it replaced. Two carding machines were added in 1828.</p><br>
<p>The current mill was the third one on the property, and was the first to have two stories and furniture manufacturing. The mill in its most active years (1864–1890) ran 24 hours a day, using a turbine/waterwheel combination to turn the grindstones. Families would sometimes wait three days for their corn to be milled at Becks, forcing a settlement by the mill. Eventually, the modern roller mills far surpassed the capability of gristmills, and urbanization made rural mills difficult to transport to in comparison, causing Becks Mill to stop operating in 1914. In 1963 a tornado touched down on the property, killing two people.</p><br>
<p>Of the 65 mills that operated in Washington County, it is the only one still standing, and less than 20 still stand in Indiana. However, it was placed on Indiana&#39;s 10 Most Endangered List due to water damage and trespassers, some of whom vandalized the mill. Descendants of the original owners owned the mill and the surrounding area until November 2005, when the sixth generation became willing to sell.</p><br>
<h2>Restoration</h2><br>
<p>Friends of Beck&#39;s Mill, a nonprofit organization, was given the 14 acre and building by Donald & Joyce Andersen (Joyce being a direct descendant of the George Beck family). This gift was the results of the efforts and negotiation of D.Jack Mahuron of Salem, with the hope that the mill could be saved, and maybe even become operational as the centerpiece of a local park. Mahuron had worked on getting the restoration started for several years, since the owner Estel Larue Allen died in 1982. In June 2006, a member of the Friends, won a $1,000 door prize from the Washington County Community Foundation, an annual giveaway for use of community projects, and chose to use the $1,000 to start an Endowment for the mill. The fund created a permanent endowment to market and operate the mill.</p><br>
<p>John Hawkins, an architect from Jeffersonville, Indiana, calculated that $600,000 would be required to restore the mill, with additional funds needed to reopen it. Donald and Joyce Andersen has since offered the use of approximately over 70 acre for use as trails and recreation. (This 70 plus acres has since been purchased-from the Andersens in 2012 by Gayle Cook and presented to the Friends).3 acre across the road from the mill are used for parking at no cost to the Friends of Becks Mill. William and Gayle Cook, billionaire philanthropists, made a large donation of approximately $1,200,000.00 in 2007 to begin the restoration process. Jack Mahuron had served on the Board of Advisers of IU Southeast with Bill Cook and knew that he and Gayle were interested in Beck&#39;s Mill. They had visited it several times over the years. Jack contacted him at Bloomington asking him to assist with the restoration. He graciously declined because he was busy with the restoration of French Lick and West Baden Hotels. A few months later, however, on March 1, 2007, he sent his Architect George Ridgway and his contractor Joe Pritchett of Pritchett Brothers, to a meeting of the Friends, it was announced that billionaire Bill and Gayle Cook would fund the restoration if the Friends would accept the offer.</p><br>
<p>Restoration of the mill began in earnest in May 2007 with Tracy Wells as foreman of the project for Pritchett Brothers. The first task was to remove the old equipment, tools, and the remaining features of the general store and fabric-making, including two carding machines. The old turbines were cleaned, and the stone foundation was repaired by lifting the mill from its moorings. In September 2007 the outside work was stopped for the year. The mill workings, currently held in storage at Salem, were re-installed in the spring 2008. A grand opening of the mill is planned for the fall of 2008, in time for the 200th anniversary of the first Beck&#39;s Mill.</p><br>
<p>The Washington County Chamber of Commerce gave their 2007 Citizen of the Year award to the Friends, due to the restoration of the mill. There is some fear that restoration of the mill by using cave water may affect the ecology of the cave, in particular its blind fish. Becks Mill is set to be reopened for the public on September 20, 2008, to coincide with the Old Settlers Days festival in Salem.</p><br>
<p>Upon completion of the restoration, Jack Mahuron, the primary supporter and fund raiser for the restoration and a member of the Hoosier Hikers Council of Martinsville, Indiana, asked the hiking group to come in and build walking trails. Suzanne Mittenthal, executive Director of the group brought in several of the members for the work. Over a three-year period and on weekends the hikers built over three mile of trails for the public to use and enjoy Sinking Spring, the bluffs, the Quarry and the natural beauty of the park.</p><br>
<p>The restoration of a 200-year-old log cabin has also been in progress on the hill in back of the Mill.</p><br>
<p>The cabin was completed by member Raymond Lee in the fall of 2011, with most of the funds for the cabin restoration coming from the Paul Ogle Foundation of Jeffersonville.</p><br>
<h2>Settlement</h2><br>
<p>After the Pigeon Roost Massacre in 1812, the Becks built two small forts on the property to protect against Indians, and perhaps also due to Indians stealing three barrels of whiskey from George Beck. The new protection began to draw new residents. In 1814 the settlement of Becks Mill was in consideration to be the county seat of Washington County, only for Salem to eventually get the coveted position. Today the settlement, a few yards uphill from the mill, is the crossroad of Becks Mill Road and Old Vincennes trail, with a former fire station and country store being its main signs of civilization. The Stage Coach stop from New Albany, Indiana was also located at the SW corner and is still standing. The Becks Hill store has been reopened and is owned and operated by Bill and Annie Smith. It is operated as an old general store and museum. Food is also served, the menu consists of soups, sandwiches and soft ice cream. An extremely old dwelling on the SE adjoining the store and also belonging to Smiths is being restored.</p><br>
<h2>Beck&#39;s Mill Bridge</h2><br>
<p>On September 20, 2007, the bridge by the mill, referred to by the NRHP as the Beck&#39;s Mill Bridge, or Washington County Bridge # 105, was placed on the National Register separately.</p><br>
<p>It is a concrete arch bridge designed by Daniel Luten, a noted engineer from Indiana known for his work on elastic theory, for arch bridges.</p><br>
<p>The bridge is scheduled to be restored in 2017.</p><br>
<p>File:Becks Mill 1.jpgSouth side, November 2006</p><br>
<p>File:Becks Mill 09-2007 uphill.jpgSouth side, September 2007</p><br>
<p>File:Becks Mill 2.jpgRoad/East side, November 2006</p><br>
<p>File:Becks Mill 09-2007 front.jpgRoad side, September 2007</p><br>
<p>File:Becks Mill 4.jpgNorth side, November 2006</p><br>
<p>File:Becks Mill 09-2007.jpgNorth side, September 2007</p><br>
<p>File:Becks Mill downtown.jpgCrossroads of Beck&#39;s Mill, Indiana</p><br>
<p>File:Beck&#39;s Mill 09-2008 front.JPGRoad/East side, September 2008</p><br>
<p>File:Beck&#39;s Mill 09-2008 uphill.JPGSouth side of the mill</p><br>
<p>File:Beck&#39;s Mill 2008 distant.JPGDistant view</p><br>
<p>File:Beck&#39;s Mill hillside.JPGHillside of the mill</p><br>
<p>File:Beck&#39;s Mill Bridge 2.JPGAnother view of the bridge</p><br>
<p>Old Westbury Gardens is the former estate of businessman John Shaffer Phipps , an heir to the Phipps family fortune, in Nassau County, New York. Located at 71 Old Westbury Road in Old Westbury, the property was converted into a museum home in 1959. It is open for tours from April through October.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Work on the estate began in 1903, when John Shaffer Phipps promised his fiancée, Margarita Grace (a daughter of businessman Michael P. Grace), that he would build her a home in the United States that resembled her family&#39;s British residence at Battle Abbey in Battle, East Sussex, England. The house was ready in 1906 for Phipps, his wife and their young children.</p><br>
<p>Westbury House, the Carolean Revival (Charles II style) mansion designed by British designer George A. Crawley with assistance from American architect Grosvenor Atterbury, contains 23 rooms. The grounds cover 160 acre.</p><br>
<p>The painting of Mrs. Henry Phipps and Her Grandson Winston (1906–07) by John Singer Sargent hangs in the dining room. Winston Guest was the child, and his godfather was Winston Churchill.</p><br>
<h2>In popular culture</h2><br>
<p>Scenes of the driveway and some of the ground floor interiors were used in the 1970 film Love Story, and its 1978 sequel, Olivers Story, to depict the family home of Oliver Barrett IV, played by Ryan ONeal. Other movies filmed on the grounds include North by Northwest (1959), The Age of Innocence (1993), Wolf (1994), To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar (1995), Cruel Intentions and 8MM (both 1999), The Manchurian Candidate (2004), Hitch (2005), Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna (2006), Bernard and Doris (2006), American Gangster (2007) and Arthur (2011). Scenes from the television series Pushing Daisies, Gossip Girl and Royal Pains also used the location in filming. It served as the inspiration for the Buchanan Estate featured in Baz Luhrmann&#39;s 2013 film adaption of The Great Gatsby by his wife and production designer Catherine Martin.</p><br>
<h2>Grant Recipient</h2><br>
<p>In August 2024, a grant was released by The Preservation League of NYS to support the fund noteworthy restoration project of the garden.</p><br>
<p>Building 800–Austin Hall is located in Montgomery, Alabama on the grounds of Maxwell Air Force Base.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>On January 25, 1930, President Herbert Hoover asked Congress to re-appropriate an additional $100,000 for the main school building for the Air Corps Tactical School at Maxwell Field. President Hoovers policy was to speed public works to offset unemployment. In February 1930 Congressman J. Lister Hills resolution was passed in the House of Representatives, to add 80 acre to Maxwell Field for expansion purposes. The bill carried an item for $100,000 for construction of a tactical school building with a total sum available of $136,000. The actual cost of the building ended up being $132,034.14.</p><br>
<h3>The construction of Austin Hall</h3><br>
<p>George B. Ford and Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. designed the overall layout of Maxwell for the Army Quartermaster Corps. Ford, an architect-trained city planner who had served as an adviser to the Army in the 1920s on all of its base construction projects, and had final approval of all post development plans between 1926 and 1930, used an approach that clustered similar functions together. This technique provided plenty of open space and gave each cluster a distinct appearance. Construction plans were approved by Chief of the Air Corps Maj. Gen. James Fechet and Congressman Hill for a school house of approximately 29,500 ft2 constructed of hollow tile and stucco, tile roof and walls with a white stucco finish. The expected operational date of the building was July 1931.</p><br>
<p>On September 15, 1930, Congressman Hill broke ground for the project. Rain forced abandonment of the outdoor ceremonies that were intended to mark the start of the project. Congressman Hill along with other national and local area dignitaries and post commander Major Weaver hurriedly transferred the ceremonies to the Maxwell Field officer&#39;s club. Congressman Hill, the principal speaker, announced at the ceremony that the project was to be completed in 300 days at an approximate cost of $119,273. Hill also announced that for the tactical school program there was $1,903,400 available of which $1,703,400 was to be spent on buildings. The remaining $200,000 was to be used for the appropriation of additional land. Hill added that he expected an additional $375,000 more for buildings with another $1,300,200 to be added soon afterward.</p><br>
<p>Algernon Blair is credited for being the architect and A.C. Samford was the contractor for the construction project. There were complaints about using imported labor; on April 4, 1931, Captain M. A. McFadden who was in charge of construction said at a local Rotary Club meeting that ninety percent of the labor employed in the construction was local labor. Montgomery area residents were understandably protective of all employment opportunities during this time period; the payroll of workers at Maxwell Field exceeded $2,000 daily.</p><br>
<h3>Austin Hall opens</h3><br>
<p>By August 28, 1931, sixty-four officers with spouses and other family members started to arrive at Maxwell Field in preparation of the grand opening of the school house. The school house was built in the Renaissance Revival style of architecture. Elements of this style were borrowed from fifteenth century Italian Renaissance merchant palaces and public buildings. The school house&#39;s hipped roof, corner quoins, and classical entrance gave the feeling of both formality and elegance.</p><br>
<p>On September 4, 1931, the school house (Building 800) was formally dedicated in honor of First Lieutenant Charles B. Austin. Austin was an instructor at the Air Corps Tactical School when the school was at Langley Field. Lieutenant Austin was born in Vermillion Grove, Illinois, on January 7, 1891. Austin had graduated from DePauw University in 1913. He was scholastically outstanding to the point where he was selected for a membership in Phi Beta Kappa. On October 11, 1917 he enlisted as a flying cadet and attended ground school as a cadet at the University of Illinois. He received his flight training at Rich and Ellington Fields in Houston, Texas. On March 30, 1918, Austin received his commission in the aviation section of the Signal Officers Reserve Corps and was promoted to first lieutenant in the regular army July 1, 1920. Austin served in England, Mitchel Field, New York, France Field, the Panama Canal Zone and Langley Field. First Lieutenant Austin served with distinction at Langley Field as an instructor at the Air Corps Tactical School and received a letter of commendation for his efforts. On July 27, 1928, Lieutenant Austin died following illness and a subsequent operation. Major John F. Curry, commandant of the Air Corps Tactical School, thought all personnel associated with the school would profit by the example Austin set.</p><br>
<h3>Maxwell&#39;s continuous growth</h3><br>
<p>On July 16, 1933, Congressman Lister Hill secured approval from the War Department for $1,650,075 for immediate spending at Maxwell Field. Hill&#39;s request was justified by increased enrollment at the Air Corps Tactical School and the desperate need for employment for the local Montgomery population. At the start of October 1933 bids opened for four construction projects that were to start immediately (1933-1934 construction at Maxwell Field employed an average of 500 plus workers). The contract for the addition to Austin Hall was the last to be resolved. Bidding opened for the contract to construct Austin Hall on January 16, 1934. On January 18, it was announced that the Algernon Blair Company of Montgomery had received the contract. Construction started on the project after the Air Corps Tactical School 1933-34 session closed in June. Blair made all of his company assets available to ensure the project was finished by the fall.</p><br>
<p>On September 5, Austin Hall was officially turned over to the Army Air Corps by the Algernon Blair Company; even though some areas of the building had been in use since August 31. The addition more than doubled the size of the original building to 60,640 ft&sup2;. The final cost for the construction for the additions to the south and front ends of the original structure was $107,627. Because of the additions to Austin Hall it would not only include classrooms but also be the new staff headquarters for the ACTS. The additions included executive offices, classrooms and assembly halls; a library was located in the extreme southern tip of the building.</p><br>
<h2>Modern-day Austin Hall</h2><br>
<p>As of July 8, 1940, Austin Hall was home to the headquarters of the Southeast Air Corps Training Center. The Southeast Air Corps Training Center was responsible for all pilot, navigator and bombardier training in the southeast. At one time during World War II the headquarters in Austin Hall controlled 30 plus major installations and 23 war service training organizations. Command jurisdiction for the Southeast Air Corps Training Center extended from Maine to Florida and from the Atlantic coast to the Mississippi River valley. By the end of World War II more than 100,000 aviation cadets had received training from the Southeast Air Corps Training Center.</p><br>
<h3>Historical status</h3><br>
<p>On April 2, 1988, Austin Hall was placed on the National Register of Historic Places. The period of significance for the placement of Austin Hall on the register was 1925–1949. The historical significance of Austin Halls placement on the register was the movement of the ACTS as well as Austin Halls rich history through 1949. Moreover, the Algernon Blair Company and Samford Brother&#39;s Inc. involvement for Architecture/Engineering are noted for their significant effort.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1926, the Arcade Building is a historic building in downtown Fort Pierce, Florida. It is located at 101 USA 1, North. Built in a Spanish Colonial Revival style, when built it was the largest commercial building in Fort Pierce. On October 12, 2001, the structure was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places. The building was used for retail and office space until the 1980s when a fire damaged a third of the building. Since then the building was underused until the facade and the interior were restored in 2002. Its restoration was a major priority in the city&#39;s redevelopment.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1926, the Casa Caprona  is a historic building in Fort Pierce, Florida, USA. It is located at 2605 St. Lucie Boulevard. The complex was designed in the Mediterranean Revival style by architects Arthur Beck and J.K. Shinn, and was built by T.H. Markenthaler and T.H. Kertshner. For a period of time the complex housed people training in the Navy&#39;s underwater demolition group during WWII. The complex was envisioned as the centerpiece for the proposed winter community of San Lucie Plaza. However, due to the collapse of the Florida land boom, the project failed.</p><br>
<p>After a collaborative effort from the Casa Carpona condominium association the property was named a landmark in 1984. On June 2, 1984, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Boston House  is a historic building in downtown Fort Pierce, Florida. It is located at 239 South Indian River Drive . On April 11, 1985, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. It is recognized for its unique mixture of Neo-classical and Georgian architecture. It is also recognized for its part in local history. On April 18, 2012, the AIA&#39;s Florida Chapter placed the building on its list of Florida Architecture: 100 Years. 100 Places as Cresthaven/Boston House.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the early 1900s, William T. Jones, who later became the third Sheriff of St. Lucie County, worked as an engineer for Henry Flagler on the Florida East Coast Railway. Jones suffered an injury in a railroad accident and received a settlement for his injury. With his settlement he built Cresthaven which is known today as The Boston House. Historical records show the cost of building the house was $6,000 and it wasn&#39;t completed until 1909. Some of the materials used to build the house were brought to Fort Pierce from Georgia by the FEC Railroad as Jones was a personal friend of Henry Flagler. Jones lost the house during the Great Depression.</p><br>
<p>The McCarty family, whose most famous member was Dan McCarty, the thirty-first governor of Florida, bought the house in 1949, but didnt live in it. They preferred to stay across Boston Avenue in the family home built in 1905. That house was later known as The Governors House until its demolition. The Boston House (Cresthaven) was restored in 1984&ndash;85 and is now a law firms office. There are many myths surrounding the houses history.</p><br>
<p>Selby Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located at Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, Ohio. The venue serves as home to the Battling Bishops football, mens and womens lacrosse, women&#39;s field hockey, and track & field teams.</p><br>
<p>Selby has a seating capacity of 9,100, with all seats falling between the 15-yard lines of the field. Its press box was lauded as the largest in Ohio outside of Ohio Stadium.</p><br>
<h2>Overview</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1929, the grandstands of Selby are two separate smooth-finished concrete structures which provide seating for 9,100.</p><br>
<p>On March 18, 1985, Selby Field was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Originally equipped with natural grass, the field received a FieldTurf artificial grass playing surface for the 2014–15 sports season. Selby Stadium had previously been remodelled in 2010–11, when a lighting system and a video scoreboard were added.</p><br>
<p>Selby Field is located on South Henry Street, just east of the academic and administrative buildings of Ohio Wesleyan.</p><br>
<p>From 2012 through 2015, the Ohio Machine of Major League Lacrosse played home games at Selby Field.</p><br>
<p>Located at 315 Avenue A, the Old Fort Pierce City Hall  is a historic building in downtown Fort Pierce, Florida. Designed with both Mediterranean Revival Style and Italian Renaissance Revival elements by architect William Hatcher, the structure was built in 1925 at the peak of the Florida land boom by builder C.E. Cahow.</p><br>
<p>The building was used as the Fort Pierce City Hall until 1983. It was restored in 1995 for $500,000, being the first of many of Fort Pierce&#39;s successes in preservation. On December 7, 2001, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Old Fort Pierce Post Office is a historic building in Fort Pierce, Florida. It was built in 1935 by the Works Progress Administration and designed by architect Louis A. Simon in the Mediterranean Revival Style. As a civic structure it provided the city with a place for chance meetings and neighborly interaction. It is located at 500 Orange Avenue. On February 11, 2002, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Immokolee  is a historic home in Fort Pierce, Florida. It is located at 8431 Immokolee Road. On July 29, 1994, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The name "Immokolee" derives from a Seminole dialect word meaning "our home" or "my home place."</p><br>
<p>The Mission Revival house was constructed in 1931 by local builder Franklind Tyler from a design provided by owner Dorothy Binney Palmer. The house was restored after Palmer&#39;s death in 1985.</p><br>
<p>The Jules Frere House is a historic house located at 2404 Sunrise Boulevard in Fort Pierce, Florida. It is locally significant as one of the best examples of the Spanish Colonial Revival style in Fort Pierce, maintaining its original qualities exceptionally well.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Jules Frere was a Fort Pierce merchant and owner of Sunrise Lumber Company. He built the original square, flat-roofed structure and subsequently added the front cathedral portion which was completed in 1931.</p><br>
<p>The cathedral has leaded stained glass in the spine of the ceiling and detailed Florida themed leaded stained glass in the west-facing French doors. A spiral staircase, which is no longer in existence, leads to a door leading out onto the flat roof of the original structure. The unique functional wood-burning fireplace is surrounded by marble with decorative appointments.</p><br>
<p>The cathedral structure ceiling and upper walls are plaster, with roughly the lower 6ft of the walls tiled to the floor. The floors of the structure are tile.</p><br>
<p>The Underwood family purchased the home from Jules Frere. Around 1940 it was sold to the McDonald family for $4,800.00</p><br>
<p>In a game of football, the McDonald children damaged the stained glass doors. Famed Florida artist Albert Ernest A. E. Backus, also known as Beanie Backus, was commissioned to hand paint the broken lead tiles to match the broken glass.</p><br>
<p>Over the years the home changed ownership and the detached 2 car garage was converted into a full apartment.</p><br>
<p>In 2017, the property and adjacent acreage was again sold. Current resident has painstakingly renovated the features of the home, including authentic roofing and wrought iron work. Fruit trees, landscaping and upgraded hardscape on the site as well as the adjoining 2 acres has been completed.</p><br>
<p>The interior layout of the Historic home has stayed relatively the same since it was finished in 1931. An arched entryway separates the cathedral addition from the original section. Arched doorways continue into the kitchen and mudroom. Original hardwood flooring runs throughout the dining area and bedrooms. The bathroom, kitchen and mudroom/laundry have tiled flooring.</p><br>
<p>The east-facing backdoor opens out to the expansive 2 acre backyard filled with native plants, tropical fruit trees, and oak and pine trees draped in Spanish moss. A new hardscape walkway leads to the parking area and apartment which were added in 2019.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 20, 1995.</p><br>
<p>The Captain Hammond House is a historic house located at 5775 Citrus Avenue in White City, Florida. It was built for and served as the home for the retired New England sea captain John Hammond.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The house itself was completed in 1902 and was built by Danish craftsman in the Frame Vernacular style influenced by Danish architectural styles. On February 23, 1990, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1914, the Old St. Anastasia Catholic School is a historic school in Fort Pierce, Florida. It is located at 910 Orange Avenue. It was built by James P. McNichol, a senator from Philadelphia who fished in Fort Pierce during the winter, for the pastor that rode into town once a month. Along with the masonry school, McNichol had built a wooden church, rectory, and convent. Eventually the Catholic Mission would end in 1911 and the school was all that remained. On August 10, 2000, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. After damage from Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne, the structure was in a state of disrepair. The building has since been stabilized and awaits restoration.</p><br>
<p>The St. Lucie High School  is a historic school in Fort Pierce, Florida. It is located at 1100 Delaware Avenue. On January 26, 1984, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. The building was first called Fort Pierce High School. For many years it had been the only high school between Stuart and Melbourne. Originally designed by W.B. Camp, at one point it had been "the most magnificent, the most modernly planned and the most architecturally beautiful public school building in Florida." As the school grew, architects such as William Hatcher and Laurence Funke made additions in 1926 closely following the original construction.</p><br>
<p>The building now houses the Fort Pierce Magnet School of the Arts, which offers an interdisciplinary curriculum that features music, art, dance and drama for elementary and middle school students.</p><br>
<p>The Zora Neale Hurston House is a historic house at 1734 Avenue L in Fort Pierce, Florida. Built in 1957, it was the home of author Zora Neale Hurston  from then until her death. On December 4, 1991, it was designated as a USA National Historic Landmark.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Zora Neale Hurston House stands in a residential area of Fort Pierce, on the north side of Avenue L, between North 17th and North 19th Streets. It is a modest single-story house, built out of concrete blocks stuccoed exterior and a flat tar-and-gravel roof. The house is not architecturally distinguished; it was one of a number of identical homes built in 1957 built by Dr. C.C. Benton, a medical doctor, who had sold 10 nearby acres for construction of "a new negro high school" nearby. Originally located on School Court, it was moved, retaining orientation, north 500 feet in 1995 to 1734 Avenue L to allow for expansion of Lincoln Park Academy, the school at which Hurston taught.</p><br>
<p>Hurston, a native of Notasulga, Alabama, but who lived and wrote about Eatonville, Florida, was one of the leading female African-American writers of the mid-20th century. She lived rent-free (courtesy of Dr. Benton) in this house from 1957 until her death. While here, she worked as a journalist for the Fort Pierce Chronicle, taught at the academy, and continued to work on her manuscript for Herod the Great, a major work that remained unpublished at her death. This house is the only known home of hers to survive.</p><br>
<p>The house is a stop on the Zora Neale Hurston Dust Tracks Heritage Trail. Other stops on the trail include the Zora Neale Hurston Branch Library, a "Zora Exhibit" at the Agape Senior Recreation Center (formerly the St. Lucie County Welfare Home, where Hurston died in 1960), and the Garden of Heavenly Rest Cemetery, where she is buried.</p><br>
<p>The Benjamin Church House , a modestly sized Temple-style Greek Revival home, was built in 1843–1844 by a pioneer carpenter of that name in Kilbourntown, a settlement on the west side of the Milwaukee River. In 1846, Kilbourntown merged with Juneautown on the east side of the river and Walker&#39;s Point to the south to create Milwaukee, today the largest city in Wisconsin. The house is thought to be Milwaukee&#39;s earliest surviving home.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The house was constructed in the American Greek Revival style with four fluted Doric columns out front and a symmetrical floor plan. The front entrance opens into a living room, with a dining room behind and then a kitchen. A bedroom wing is attached to each side. The style was also known as Greek temple or national style. The structure was for four decades the family home of Benjamin F. Church, his wife Pamelia Hall Clement, and their children including Hannah Maria, Ann Augusta, Charles Benj., John Benjamin and Susan. Benjamin, a native of Ulster County, New York, arrived in early Milwaukee on November 15, 1835, and later was a member of the Old Settlers Club. In addition to his carpentry and construction business, Benjamin held a number of local offices. Pamelia was born in New Hampshire as shown in the 1850 Census, specifically Pembroke as shown in the town history.</p><br>
<p>In 1884, the house was sold to George Binzel, a bookkeeper who eventually was assistant secretary of the Valentin Blatz Brewing Company. George was one of several Binzel brothers who came to southeast Wisconsin from Germany. In 1900, George, his wife Rosa, daughter Louise and sons Paul, Albert and Clarence lived in the house. The address in this period was 501 Fourth as seen in the 1875 Milwaukee City Directory.</p><br>
<p>The Binzel family sold the house and moved away on August 10, 1922. Due to financial difficulties on the part of those who purchased the house, the structure eventually went to the city for payment of taxes.</p><br>
<h2>Rescue and restoration</h2><br>
<p>In the 1930s, the house was recognized as having historical value worthy of rescue for future generations to enjoy. Local Cream City brick and hand-hewn timbers were among its distinctive features.</p><br>
<p>On July 20, 1936, the house was measured through the Historic American Buildings Survey. On August 21, 1936, architectural drawings of the house were prepared. At that time, due to a city renumbering project, the address of the house was 1533 North Fourth Street, Milwaukee. HABS documents state that the house was then owned by Louise Binzel.</p><br>
<p>Through the Works Progress Administration or WPA, the house was restored and moved in 1938 to Estabrook Park in Shorewood, Wisconsin, north of Milwaukee. Furnishings from the 19th century were provided by the Wisconsin Society of The National Society of The Colonial Dames of America.</p><br>
<h2>Today</h2><br>
<p>The Church house, also known as the Kilbourntown House, is maintained today by the Milwaukee County Historical Society. It is open to the public on Sunday afternoons during June, July and August, with docent tours provided.</p><br>
<p>The Chamberlin is a retirement community in Hampton, Virginia, overlooking Hampton Roads at Old Point Comfort. It was formerly known as the Chamberlin Hotel, named for the famed restaurateur and original owner John Chamberlin. The nine-story building sits on historic Fort Monroe and overlooks Fort Wool. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, it has been renovated from its former life as a hotel into a luxury retirement community for people aged 55 and up.</p><br>
<p>The second floor has retained the hotel atmosphere while the rest of the floors have been renovated and turned into one- and two-bedroom apartments. A few apartments are used as guest quarters for visiting relatives of residents.</p><br>
<p>The current building opened in 1928 as the Chamberlin-Vanderbilt Hotel, under the direction of Marcellus E. Wright Sr., with Warren and Wetmore consulting. It replaced an earlier Chamberlin Hotel, designed by Washington, D.C., architects John L. Smithmeyer and Paul J. Pelz and completed in 1896, which had in turn replaced the Hygeia. The current building originally had two large cupolas on its roof but these were removed during World War II because they were visible from out in the ocean beyond the Virginia Capes and it was feared that they could potentially aid a hostile German warship cruising offshore in targeting Fort Monroe. They were never replaced after the war.</p><br>
<p>Geva Theatre Center is a regional, not-for-profit, professional theatre company based in Rochester, New York. It is housed in an 1868 building, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, located in Rochester at 75 Woodbury Boulevard. The Center has full seasons of programming, in addition to discussions based on plays and staged readings, and community outreach.</p><br>
<h2>The Company</h2><br>
<p>In 1972, William Markham Selden and Cynthia Mason Selden, a British actress, residents of nearby Avon, co-founded GeVa, an abbreviation for "Genesee Valley Arts Foundation" and its associated theatre company. The company&#39;s first shows were short dramas produced at lunchtime in 1973 at the Rochester Business Institute (RBI). Programming expanded to full-length plays and it became a regional theatre company ranked with similar companies, including those of Buffalo and Syracuse. In 1997, the name of the company was changed to Geva Theatre Center, dropping the CamelCase formatting. In 2011, Geva Theatre Center hosted the 2011 American Association of Community Theatre Festival. By 2017, it was recognized as the best-attended theatre in New York State outside of New York City.</p><br>
<p>Actors appearing at GeVa in the early years included Samuel L. Jackson (in A Raisin in the Sun), Scott Bakula, and Georgia Engel. Others who have graced the Geva stage include Kathy Bates, Josh Brolin, Robert Downey Jr., Bill Pullman, Anna Deavere Smith, Robert Vaughn, and Anthony Zerbe. Among Geva&#39;s contributors are Academy Award nominees, Tony Award winners and nominees, Drama Desk Award winners and nominees, Emmy Award winners and nominees, and a Pulitzer Prize nominee. Rochester native Philip Seymour Hoffman often cited Geva Theatre in interviews. He would speak of his mother taking him to plays at Geva and how that sparked his interest in acting.</p><br>
<p>As of 2018, Geva had presented more than 400 stage productions, as well as other events.</p><br>
<p>World Premieres:</p><br>
<p>Five Course Love by Gregg Coffin (2004)</p><br>
<p>Splitting Infinity by Jamie Pachino (2006)</p><br>
<p>Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, adapted by Mark Cuddy and Marge Betley (2008)</p><br>
<p>The House in Hydesville by Dan O&#39;Brien (2009)</p><br>
<p>A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens, adapted by Mark Cuddy, original music & lyrics by Gregg Coffin (2010)</p><br>
<p>Voices of the Spirits in My Soul by Nora Cole (2012)</p><br>
<p>The Book Club Play by Karen Zacarias (2013)</p><br>
<p>All Your Questions Answered by Greg Kotis (2013)</p><br>
<p>Tinker to Evers to Chance by Mat Smart (2014)</p><br>
<p>Informed Consent by Deborah Zoe Laufer (2014)</p><br>
<p>Katherine&#39;s Colored Lieutenant by Nora Cole (2014)</p><br>
<p>The Road to Where by Cass Morgan (2015)</p><br>
<p>Women in Jeopardy by Wendy MacLeod (2015)</p><br>
<p>Other Than Honorable by Jamie Pachino (2017)</p><br>
<p>The Agitators by Mat Smart (2017)</p><br>
<p>Heartland by Gabriel Jason Dean (2018)</p><br>
<p>Hard Cell by Brent Askari (2019).</p><br>
<h2>Leadership</h2><br>
<p>Geva&#39;s current Artistic Director is Elizabeth Williamson. She joined the company in June 2022, succeeding Mark Cuddy, who retired after serving in the role for 27 years.</p><br>
<h2>The Building</h2><br>
<p>Geva was originally housed in a building located at 168 South Clinton Avenue, then the Rochester Business Institute building, but by 1982, its expansion to a "full-fledged company" meant that it needed an improved facility. Toward that end, it purchased a former armory and convention hall at 75 Woodbury Boulevard, diagonally across the street from the RBI building.</p><br>
<p>The newly-acquired building had been designed in 1868 by Rochester Architect Andrew J. Warner and was first occupied by the 54th Regiment of the New York State Militia. In 1907, additions and renovations were made and the building became known as the Convention Hall. As such, it hosted such notable political figures as William Jennings Bryan, William Howard Taft, Theodore Roosevelt, and Franklin Delano Roosevelt. It was also a cultural center for Rochester, with appearances by world renowned artists such as Anna Pavlova, Enrico Caruso, Fritz Kreisler, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Gustav Mahler, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, and Arturo Toscanini. Other events included wrestling and boxing matches, flower shows, and dog shows. The building was used as a hospital during the 1918 flu epidemic and as a tonsil clinic in 1930. In 1949, the building became the Naval Reserve Center and by 1975 it housed offices for several departments of the City of Rochester.</p><br>
<p>After buying the building from the city in 1982, Geva began three years of renovations and the building re-opened as a theatre on 29 March 1985. The new theatres first production was Planet Fires, a drama by Thomas Babe, a Rochester playwright. Featuring a newly freed black man and a Union deserter who have traveled North together, the play was set soon after the Civil War at a campground near Rochester. On 26 November 1985, the new facility was dedicated as the Richard Pine Theatre, in honor of a local developer who had arranged the financing that made Gevas move possible.</p><br>
<p>In 1997, Geva undertook a major development campaign that included construction of a second stage in the building. The 180-seat Nextstage, subsequently known as the Ron & Donna Fielding Stage, opened in 2000. It is intended for smaller-scale, more intimate productions, theatre for young audiences, and development of new plays. The original, larger theatre space was then called the Mainstage and later the Elaine P. Wilson Stage. The 522-seat Wilson Stage is used for a wide variety of performances, including American and world classics, new plays, and musicals.</p><br>
<p>In 2016, Geva completed a seven-year project that included exterior rehabilitation and interior infrastructure work as well as renovations to rehearsal and conference rooms, administrative offices, green rooms, dressing rooms, and the lobby and café areas. In addition, a new entertainment suite was created, new seats and carpeting were installed in the Wilson Stage, and new flooring was added in the Fielding Stage.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on 4 October 1985 under the name "Naval Armory-Convention Hall".</p><br>
<p>The Launch Complex 39 Press Site is a news media facility at Launch Complex 39 at the John F. Kennedy Space Center  on Merritt Island, Florida where journalists have observed every USA crewed space launch since Apollo 8 in 1968. The site is just south of the Vehicle Assembly Building ; 3 miles  west-southwest of Pad A, and 3.4 miles  southwest of Pad B. launch seen from the LC-39 Press Site in July 2006</p><br>
<p>The site includes an elevated mound where news media facilities are located, as well as the KSC News Center and several smaller support buildings. The News Center is 8,700 ft&sup2; and contains 15 site support offices, media workspace, and a media library. Current media buildings include CBS, NBC, Florida Today and The Orlando Sentinel; and trailers for The Associated Press and Reuters.</p><br>
<p>The 100-seat auditorium in the audio-video support building, where pre- and post-launch news conferences are held, is named for former CNN correspondent John Holliman, who covered space exploration until his death in 1998. It was built in 1980.</p><br>
<p>A large illuminated digital countdown clock and a flagpole flying an American flag on the edge of the turning basin have often been included in television coverage and launch photos. Before a launch, the clock counts down, showing the remaining time until T-zero in hours, minutes and seconds (&ndash;00:00:00). After launch, the clock counts forward in Mission Elapsed Time for several hours. The flagpole also flew a smaller Space Shuttle Orbiter-specific flag below the American flag on launch day during the final years of the Space Shuttle Program.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The site was ready for coverage of the first launch from KSC, the uncrewed Apollo 4 flight on November 9, 1967, for which NASA received 510 requests for news media accreditation. The sound of this first Saturn V liftoff was sufficiently powerful at the Press Site to prompt CBS-TV anchor Walter Cronkite to exclaim, "Our buildings shaking here...the floor is shaking...this big glass window is shaking, were holding it with our hands!" A ceiling tile or two were shaken loose above his head. launch in November 1969</p><br>
<p>During the Apollo program, the NASA news center was located in Cocoa Beach. To provide on-site public affairs offices, a Charter-Sphere dome from the Third Century America exhibition near the VAB during the United States Bicentennial in 1976 was later moved to the mound. In 1983, it was replaced by a larger dome; and a permanent building, the current KSC News Center, replaced that dome in December 1995.</p><br>
<p>During the first decade of Space Shuttle launches, NASA contractors provided reference materials to the media from the Joint Industry Press Center (JIPC, pronounced "gypsy"), housed in a semi-permanent trailer located near a large covered grandstand facing the two launch pads.</p><br>
<p>The grandstand, built in 1967, was torn down following damage from Hurricane Frances in September 2004. Several media trailers and buildings on the mound were also damaged, and were either removed or replaced with prefabricated structures.</p><br>
<p>On November 10, 2014, NASA powered on the clock for the last time for a final system test. The clock was supposed to be removed and replaced before the Orion EFT-1 Launch. The old clock is currently on display at the KSC Visitor Complex.</p><br>
<h2>Media attendance</h2><br>
<p>The STS-1 launch on April 12, 1981 had 2,707 accredited representatives present. The second-largest number, 2,468, was for the STS-26 launch on September 29, 1988. Most, however, covered the launch from a more distant causeway viewing site because the LC-39 Press Site was restricted to a limited number of journalists as part of safety precautions implemented after the 1986 Challenger explosion. The restriction was dropped for subsequent launches. Media attendance spiked again in October 1998 for John Glenn&#39;s launch aboard STS-95, and for the final shuttle launch, STS-135, on July 8, 2011 when 1,585 news people attended.</p><br>
<h2>Historic status</h2><br>
<p>On July 16, 1974, a crowd gathered at the Press Site to dedicate the entire launch complex as a National Historic Site, which had been listed as of May 24, 1973. The countdown clock was set to reach zero at 9:32 a.m. ET, exactly five years after the Apollo 11 liftoff. Astronauts Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Mike Collins then unveiled a plaque commemorating their flight. On January 21, 2000, the "LC-39 Press Site&ndash;Clock and Flag Pole" were specifically added to the USA National Register of Historic Places as part of a Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<p>Boca Raton Fire Engine No. 1 is a historic fire engine in Boca Raton, Florida, United States. It is located at 100 South Ocean Boulevard. An American LaFrance built in 1925 and still used for parades and fire safety education, it was added to the US National Register of Historic Places on November 1, 2001. It was later moved from its Ocean Boulevard location to the old Fire Station #2 at 1 Southwest Twelfth Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The Hollywood Knickerbocker Apartments, formerly the Hollywood Knickerbocker Hotel, is a historic former hotel, now retirement home, located at 1714 Ivar Avenue in Hollywood, California.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Beginnings</h3><br>
<p>Designed by John M. Cooper and/or E. M. Frasier, the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce cite the Knickerbocker as opening as a luxury apartment house in 1925 and then converting to a hotel, while the United States Department of the Interior cite the Knickerbocker as opening as a hotel 1929. Los Angeles&#39;s Water and Power Associates cite the building as featuring Spanish Colonial and Renaissance Revival/Beaux Arts architecture on different pages of the same document.</p><br>
<h3>Golden Age</h3><br>
<p>The Knickerbocker catered to the regions nascent film industry, was frequented by several of the industrys biggest stars, and was the site for some of the areas most famous moments. Rudolph Valentino was said to be a frequent guest, In October 1935, Betty Grable hosted a costume party to celebrate Jackie Coogans 21st birthday in the hotel, with Lucille Ball, Johnny Mercer, and one of the Dionne quintuplets in attendance. On Halloween 1936, in what would become a media sensation, Bess Houdini held her tenth and final séance to contact her dead husband on the hotel&#39;s roof.</p><br>
<p>On January 13, 1943, Frances Farmer was arrested at the hotel after failing pay multiple DUI fines. Naked and refusing to cooperate, she was carried through the hotel kicking, spitting, screaming, and wrapped in a shower curtain. D. W. Griffith spent the last year of his life at the hotel, and according to the Los Angeles Times on July 23, 1948, he died after being discovered unconscious in the hotel&#39;s lobby. However, Griffith may not have collapsed in the lobby at all, as other newspapers reported that Griffith had been "stricken inside his hotel room."</p><br>
<p>The hotel retained its glamor and notoriety through the 1950s. Marilyn Monroe and Joe DiMaggio often met at the hotel bar. In 1962, celebrated costume designer Irene Lentz committed suicide by jumping from an 11th-floor window.</p><br>
<p>On March 3, 1966, veteran character actor William Frawley was walking down Hollywood Boulevard when he suffered a heart attack. According to Bart Andrews, after Frawley had collapsed, a nurse had dragged him to the Knickerbocker where he died in the lobby. However, this may be apocryphal because there are no newspapers from 1966 that mention Frawley ever being taken to the Knickerbocker, which was located half a block up a hill from where he collapsed, and the Los Angeles Times reported that Frawley died in the street. Contrary to popular belief, Frawley did not live in the Knickerbocker at the time of his death, as although he had spent nearly 30 years living in an upstairs suite, he moved to the El Royale several months before he died.</p><br>
<p>Other notable Knickerbocker guests during the buildings heyday include Frank Sinatra, Lana Turner, Mae West, Cecil B. DeMille, Red Skelton, Bette Davis, Cary Grant, Maureen OSullivan, Elinor Mordaunt, Louis B. Mayer, Howard Hughes, and more.</p><br>
<h3>Deterioration and restoration</h3><br>
<p>By the late 1960s, the neighborhood around the Knickerbocker had deteriorated, and the Knickerbocker itself became a residence primarily for drug addicts and prostitutes. In 1970, the hotel was converted into senior housing.</p><br>
<p>In 1984, the Hollywood Boulevard Commercial and Entertainment District was added to the National Register of Historic Places, with Knickerbocker Hotel listed as a contributing property in the district. In 1999, a plaque honoring Griffith was placed in the building&#39;s lobby.</p><br>
<p>In 1998, the Knickerbockers neon sign was illuminated after being dark for decades, part of an effort to restore Hollywoods old brilliance and verve.</p><br>
<h2>Filming location</h2><br>
<p>The buildings central-Hollywood location has resulted in it appearing in numerous film and television productions, either directly or indirectly. For example, in the 1936 film The Reckless Way, Marian Nixons character worked in the hotel. In the 1950 film 711 Ocean Drive, the hotel was the backdrop of a syndicate meeting. The hotel and its surroundings also served as the backdrop for the opening scene of a first-season episode of the 1966 series Mission Impossible.</p><br>
<p>Between 1964 and 1970, viewers of the ABC variety series The Hollywood Palace would regularly see the hotel and its neon sign in the background of performances taped in the Hollywood Palace&#39;s parking lot, located directly behind the hotel.</p><br>
<p>The sign over the building&#39;s front entrance identifying it as a hotel was still in place when the TV series Mannix filmed a scene there for the 1970 episode, "Only One Death to a Customer" (Season 3, Episode 20).</p><br>
<p>Lock No. 1, North New River Canal , which opened in 1912, is a historic lock on the North New River Canal located between Davie and Plantation, Florida, United States. It is located south of Plantation on SR 84. On February 17, 1978, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The lock is on the south bank of the North New River Canal about 54 mi southeast of the origin of the canal at Lake Okeechobee. Lock No. 1 was the first lock constructed in the South Florida canal system built by Napoleon B. Broward. It was designed by world renowned engineers Major S. Sewell and Ben Johnson and built by the Furst-Clark Construction Company. The lock consisted of six-foot-thick concrete walls and large wooden gates that were operated by a hand-driven rack-and-pinion mechanism.</p><br>
<p>Part of the Everglades Drainage District, the lock played a vital role in early operations of the New River Canal, a major transportation artery connecting Fort Lauderdale, the Everglades, and Lake Okeechobee. Using the canal and lock, boats brought lumber, farm equipment and people to communities such as Okeelanta and South Bay in the states interior section south of Lake Okeechobee. The boats then ferried produce from the communities farms back to the coast, where the goods were shipped north by rail.</p><br>
<p>Due to shoaling in the canal and the construction of roads and rail links, the lock was closed to boat traffic in 1926. After the lock was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1978, local historical groups militated for the construction of a park surrounding the lock. In 1992, the South Florida Water Management District removed a flood control spillway running perpendicular to the old lock structure, and built a modern concrete water control structure just west of the lock. At the same time, various governmental and county groups worked together to restore the lock, which is now the centerpiece of Broward Memorial Lock Park.</p><br>
<p>The Los Robles Gate is a historic site in Tallahassee, Florida. It is located at the intersection of Thomasville and Meridian Roads. On September 21, 1989, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The historic Los Robles subdivision, just east of Lake Ella and adjoining midtown, was developed beginning in the 1920s and began a trend of expansion to the north of downtown. Los Robles is Spanish for "The Oak Trees" named after the centuries-old live oaks throughout the neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>After decades of neglect the gate underwent a $150,000 restoration in 2006, with a steel structural arch and new Ludowici tiles.</p><br>
<p>The Nike Missile Site HM-69  is a former Nike-Hercules missile base, now listed as a historic site west of Homestead, Florida, United States. It is located on Long Pine Key Road in the Everglades National Park. The site with 22 buildings opened in 1964 and closed in 1979 when it was turned over to the National Park Service.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>The Homestead-Miami Defense Area was established as a result of the Cuban Missile Crisis, and was the last fixed air defense missile system to remain in operation in the continental United States. HM-69 was the westernmost of the Nike-Hercules sites ringing Miami. The south Florida sites were unique in operating an anti-tactical ballistic missile version of the Nike-Hercules, intended to intercept missiles fired from Cuba. A portion of the district&#39;s missiles were armed with nuclear warheads.</p><br>
<p>The battery was initially stationed in temporary facilities from 1962 to 1965 just outside the park entrance at a site near State Road 9336. Construction of the completed Battery A, as it was known, was completed in 1964 in a portion of the park known as the "Hole in the Donut", formerly occupied by Iori Farms. The launch site consisted of three above-ground launch units, each with four missiles. Above-ground units were required in the Everglades due to the high water table. A mobile HIPAR radar unit provided radar coverage. The fire control site was located to the north and is used by the Park Service as the Daniel Beard Research Center.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation</h2><br>
<p>On July 27, 2004, Battery A/HM-69 was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Miami-Dade County Courthouse, formerly known as the Dade County Courthouse, is a historic courthouse and skyscraper located at 73 West Flagler Street in Miami, Florida. Constructed over four years , it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on January 4, 1989. The building is 361 feet tall with 28 floors. When it was built, it was the tallest building in both the city of Miami and state of Florida.</p><br>
<p>It is still in use as the main civil courthouse of Miami-Dade County, though a new courthouse is being built nearby to be completed by 2025.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>When county government was established following the Civil War, public records were sparse. Thus, whichever location the county&#39;s chief office holder decided to do business was the de facto courthouse.</p><br>
<p>In 1890, Dade County&#39;s first courthouse stood in the town of Juno, Florida some north of West Palm Beach. At the time, Dade County covered more territory than it does today, stretching from Bahia Honda Key, in the middle Keys, up to the St. Lucie River, near present-day Port St. Lucie.</p><br>
<p>Juno was chosen as the county seat because of its strategic location at the southern terminus of the Jupiter-Juno railroad. Juno also held the northern terminus of the boat and connecting stagecoach line to Miami. The courthouse remained in Juno (now no longer in existence) until 1899, when it was moved to Miami down the inland waterway on a barge and was placed on the banks of the Miami River, east of the old Miami Avenue bridge.</p><br>
<p>The building was a two-story wooden-frame construction, housing offices and jail cells on the ground floor and a courtroom on the second floor. It has a Neoclassical design, in 1904 this building was replaced by a new courthouse building situated on Flagler Street (then known as Twelfth Street). It was a magnificent building constructed of limestone, having an elegant red-domed top, at the cost of $47,000. It was anticipated that this courthouse would serve the city for at least 50 years; however, no one was prepared for the rapid growth Miami experienced during this period, and by 1924, only twenty years later, there was serious talk of the need for a larger courthouse.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1920s, architect A. Ten Eyck Brown entered a design competition for Atlanta City Hall, which was rejected. He then made the plans available to Dade County, and City and County officials readily approved them. It was decided by the officials to build the new courthouse at the same location as the existing one on Flagler Street. Construction began in 1925, with workers erecting the new building around the existing structure, which was then dismantled. Community leaders and citizens alike voiced excitement over the new 28-story skyscraper that would soon dominate the skyline.</p><br>
<p>Unexpectedly, construction was halted when the building reached ten stories. It was discovered that the high-rise was sinking into the spongy ground. Engineers consulted with an architect from Mexico City, whom had encountered a similar problem while building the Palacio de Bellas Artes opera house. The consultant determined that the foundation pilings were not set deep enough. To correct the problem, cement supports were poured, which take up much of the space in the building&#39;s basement file room even to this day.</p><br>
<p>The courthouse was finally completed in 1928 at the cost of $4 million (USD 2013 $54.5 million). Initially, it served as the Dade County Courthouse and Jail, and the Miami City Hall. The jail occupied the top nine floors as it was thought that prisoners would not risk escaping from such a height, either directly down or through multiple guarded staircases and elevators. This theory was disproven in 1934, when a 21st floor prisoner picked the lock of his jail cell window and used a fire hose to lower himself to freedom. In the years following, more than 70 prisoners escaped from what was thought to be a secure and escape-proof jail.</p><br>
<h2>Present day</h2><br>
<p>For many years, the courthouse, at an elevation of 360 feet, was reputed to be the tallest building south of Baltimore. It was the county&#39;s first high-rise and is in the National Register of Historic Places. Efforts to refurbish this magnificent structure and restore it to its original grandeur have been underway since 1981 by Architect James W. Piersol, AIA of M.C Harry Associates Architects of Miami. The restoration and renovations initially stabilized the terra cotta facade, and installed new life safety systems. In 1982, the idea of restoring the lobby to its original distinction was the passion of both Architect James Piersol and engineer Don Youatt, of the Miami-Dade Planning and Development Department. With a little less than half of the funding necessary for the lobby restoration project in hand ($300,000 grant approved by the Legislature in 1996), the Dade County Bar Association acted as the fund-raising umbrella and initiated a drive to raise the remainder needed from lawyers and the general public. A few years later, the same team restored Courtroom 6-1, which had been the site of many infamous trials over the years.</p><br>
<p>Today, the courthouse provides offices, chambers, and courtrooms for the clerks and judiciary assigned to both the Circuit and County Civil Court.</p><br>
<p>On July 9, 2021, the courthouse was closed down after an engineer reported "safety concerns with various floors", and staff members were directed to work remotely. The inspection report was made in the wake of the deadly collapse of a condominium building in nearby Surfside. In the years prior to the closure, the structural safety of the courthouse building had been the center of complaints by resident judges and lawyers, even as county administrators consistently declared it safe following various "spot repairs". At the time of the closure, Miami-Dade County was planning the construction of a replacement building and the selling of the original courthouse.</p><br>
<p>The Old USA Post Office and Courthouse is a historic courthouse in Miami, Florida. It is located at 100-118 Northeast 1st Avenue. Constructed over three years , it was designed by Kiehnel and Elliott and Oscar Wenderoth. It was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on January 4, 1989. The Miami-Dade County Tax Records say this building was built in 1917</p><br>
<p>In August, 1914, the Miami Weather Bureau Office was relocated from the Bank of Bay Biscayne Building to the third floor of the old federal building. Weather instruments were installed on the roof of the building. Richard Gray (1874-1960) was the Official-in-Charge. It was from this location that the warnings from the Weather Bureau Central Office in Washington were disseminated for the Great Miami Hurricane of 1926 and the Okeechobee Hurricane of 1928. The Miami Weather Bureau Office remained on the third floor from 1914 to 1929, although the weather instruments were moved to the Seybold Building in 1927.</p><br>
<p>Dr. William Homer Walker created First Federal Savings and Loan Association of Miami in 1933, when he acquired the first federal savings and loan charter ever issued in the United States. The original name of the institution was the First Federal Savings and Loan Association of Miami. Because it had outgrown two former locations, Walker purchased the abandoned Miami Post Office and Federal Court Building in May 1937 to house his savings and loan. In 1973 the bank moved to the thirty-two story First Federal Building, later known as the AmeriFirst Building and now known as One Downtown, at One Southeast 3rd Avenue in downtown Miami.</p><br>
<p>The Mary McLeod Bethune Home is a historic house on the campus of Bethune-Cookman University in Daytona Beach, Florida. Built in the early-1900s, it was home to Mary McLeod Bethune , a prominent African-American educator and civil rights leader, from 1913 until her death. It was designated a United States National Historic Landmark in 1974 It is now managed by the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation as a historic house museum.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Mary McLeod Bethune Home is located on the northeast side of the Bethune-Cookman campus, west of Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard. It is a modest two-story frame house. Stylistically, it is an American Foursquare, with wings extending to the sides, and a hip-roof porch across the front. The house is not architecturally distinguished, and is typical of its period of construction. A brick addition, added in 1953, houses papers and documents of the Bethune Foundation.</p><br>
<p>The house was built about 1904–05, and was purchased by the Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School (now Bethune-Cookman University) in 1913 as the residence of Mary McLeod Bethune, the school&#39;s founder. Bethune, an African-American born to formerly enslaved parents, achieved nationwide notice for her success in establishing the school, and went on to play an important role in the advance of education and civil rights, particularly in the years between World War I and World War II. She was a good friend of Eleanor and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and acted as an advisor to Roosevelt during his presidency in the 1930s.</p><br>
<p>The Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation was founded in 1953 to preserve her legacy, and is now responsible for the houses maintenance. It is normally open to the public as a historic house museum, interpreting Bethunes life. It closed in 2006 for significant $720,000 renovation and conservation, and reopened in April 2011.</p><br>
<p>El Centro Español de Tampa is a historic building in the Ybor City neighborhood of Tampa, in the USA state of Florida. Built as an ethnic and cultural clubhouse in 1912, the red brick structure situated at 1526–1536 East 7th Avenue a legacy which garnered the Centro Español building recognition as a USA National Historic Landmark  on June 3, 1988. El Centro Español de Tampa is one of two individual structures within Hillsborough County to be so designated.</p><br>
<p>The historic and cultural significance of El Centro Español de Tampa was noted well before the announcement of its NHL status. As early as 1974, the building was included by the National Register of Historic Places as one of the Contributing Properties within the Ybor City Historic District. The building remains an important component of the district, which on December 4, 1990, gained more distinct recognition as a National Historic Landmark District. It is now home to Jason Fernandez&#39;s restaurant Carne.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Immigrants from Spain (including some by way of Cuba) to the bustling factory town of Ybor City in 1891 established El Centro Español as the first of several ethnic social club and mutual aid society organizations. El Centro Español served as the organizational model for its later counterparts such as El Centro Asturiano, El Circulo Cubano, LUnione Italiana, and others. These clubs grew to play vital roles in Ybor Citys development and were of particular importance in welcoming and orienting new arrivals to the immigrant community. El Centro Español in 1904 went so far as to build their own hospital, the Sanatorio del Centro Español, which was in its day among the top medical facilities in Florida.</p><br>
<p>The organizations first clubhouse, an ornately constructed frame structure flanked by two towers, was built in 1892 on the site of the present Centro Español building, and featured a theater, dance hall, canteen, soda fountain, and classrooms, where English courses were offered. The clubs membership expanded rapidly, surpassing 2,600 people by 1908, and soon after outgrew their facility. The club replaced their original clubhouse with the building today known as El Centro Español de Tampa in 1912. In the same year, the organization established a second clubhouse, El Centro Español de West Tampa, to serve the Spanish population of West Tampa.</p><br>
<p>After several decades of prosperity and growth, El Centro Español and the other area social clubs entered a period of decline. Factors such as Prohibition, the Great Depression, and restrictions in immigration curtailed the influx of potential new membership, and sent much of the areas existing population looking for work elsewhere. By World War II, much of the organizations roles in terms of health care and social welfare were absorbed by government and private interests. The membership base declined further as the now second and third generation Spanish-Americans more freely interacted with the rest of the population and more closely identified with American culture.</p><br>
<p>In 1983, the organization consolidated their remaining membership to the West Tampa clubhouse, and the Centro Español de Tampa building was sold. After sitting vacant for several years, it was and now houses Ghost Party Haunted Tours. The West Tampa clubhouse houses and its program.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Centro Español building was designed by Francis J. Kennard, an architect who was responsible, either solely or in part, for many Tampa Bay area structures now considered to be of historic importance, including Hillsborough High School, St. Andrews Episcopal Church, and the Belleview-Biltmore Hotel. Kennard employed the French Renaissance Revival style in his design for the building, with heavy influence from Moorish Revival and Spanish Mediterranean Revival styles.</p><br>
<p>The structure features masonry construction of red brick with white stone accents. The shape is a basic rectangle, exposed on all but the west side, consisting of a -story-tall main block, with an attached rear wing of stories. The building&#39;s south facade along 7th Avenue features an arched main entrance in Moorish style with cast-iron trim. The long, east facade resembles a palazzo, an effect commonly utilized in Renaissance Revival designs, and also incorporates the use of cast-iron balconies.</p><br>
<p>The Ernest Hemingway House was the residence of American writer Ernest Hemingway in the 1930s. The house is situated on the island of Key West, Florida. It is at 907 Whitehead Street, across from the Key West Lighthouse, close to the southern coast of the island. Due to its association with Hemingway, the property is the most popular tourist attraction in Key West. It is also famous for its large population of so-called Hemingway cats, many of which are polydactyl.</p><br>
<p>The residence was constructed in 1851 in a French Colonial style by wealthy marine architect and salvager Asa Tift. From 1931 to 1939, the house was inhabited by Hemingway and his wife Pauline Pfeiffer. They restored the decaying property and made several additions. During his time at the home, Hemingway wrote some of his best-received works, including the non-fiction work Green Hills of Africa (1935), the 1936 short stories "The Snows of Kilimanjaro" and "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber", and the novels To Have and Have Not (1937) and Islands in the Stream (1970). After the Hemingway&#39;s divorce and deaths, the house was auctioned off and subsequently converted into a private museum in 1964. On November 24, 1968, it was designated a National Historic Landmark.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Early history</h3><br>
<p>Construction on the house began in 1848 and was completed in 1851 by Asa Tift, a marine architect and salvage wrecker, in a French Colonial estate style. The houses site, across the street from the Key West Lighthouse, has an elevation of 16 ft above sea level, making it the second-highest site on the island. In addition to the elevation, the houses 18 in thick limestone walls protect it during tropical storms and hurricanes.</p><br>
<h3>Hemingway</h3><br>
<p>In 1928, writer Ernest Hemingway and his wife Pauline Pfeiffer moved to Key West, where they spent the next three years living in rented housing, the last being a two-story home at 1301 Whitehead Street.</p><br>
<p>When Pauline had first seen 907 Whitehead Street during a house-scouting tour, she labeled it a "damned haunted house". At the time, the house was in foreclosure and was in deep disrepair. Ernest appreciated the seclusion that the 1.5 acre lot would offer him while writing his works.</p><br>
<p>While Hemingway was reporting in Spain in 1937, Pauline installed a large pool on the grounds. The first swimming pool in the Florida Keys, the 24 x 60-foot 80,000 USgal pool was immensely expensive. At $20,000, it was two and a half times the purchase price of the entire property. Upon his return, Hemingway was irate at the costly addition. With a melodramatic flourish, he threw a penny from his pocket onto the ground, declaring, "You might as well take my last cent," despite the fact that Pauline had paid for it herself. She kept the penny and later had it embedded in the concrete. Despite his initial rage, the pool grew on Hemingway, and he later had a 6 ft brick wall erected around the property so that he could swim nude. Hemingway also kept peacocks on the property and organized boxing matches on the lawn.</p><br>
<p>While living at the house, Hemingway wrote some of his best-received work, including the 1935 non-fiction work Green Hills of Africa, the 1936 short stories "The Snows of Kilimanjaro" and "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber", and his 1937 novel To Have and Have Not. After his death, a manuscript was discovered in a vault in the garage; this work was published posthumously in 1970 as Islands in the Stream. After eight years of residing at the house, Hemingway moved to Cuba in 1939.</p><br>
<p>Following their 1940 divorce, Pauline lived in the house until her death in 1951 and the house remained vacant afterward. The ownership of the house remained in Hemingway&#39;s name until his suicide in July 1961. Later that year, his three children auctioned off the house for $80,000.</p><br>
<h3>Modern museum</h3><br>
<p>The new owners intended to use the Hemingway House as a private residence. However, due to persistent interest from visitors, they opened the house to the public as a museum in 1964. Although Hemingways family had taken away much of the furnishings, the owners still possessed the bulkier furniture and many of Hemingways possessions. As a result of not all furniture being original, the authenticity of the museum has received some criticism. The property is the most popular tourist attraction in Key West.</p><br>
<p>Before Hurricane Irma struck the Keys in September 2017, the entire population of the island chain was ordered to evacuate by the federal government, but the museums curator, general manager, and a team of employees declined to leave the house or evacuate its cats. Hemingways granddaughter also urged them to evacuate, saying, "It&#39;s just a house." Instead, several employees chose to stay with the cats and the house. They survived the storm intact.</p><br>
<p>Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent decline in tourism, the museum laid off over 30 employees, half of their staff.</p><br>
<h2>Cats</h2><br>
<p>The house and its grounds are inhabited by dozens of cats, commonly called Hemingway cats.</p><br>
<p>Legend has it that all cats on the property are descended from Snow White, a white six-toed cat given as a gift to the Hemingways by a sea captain. However, Hemingways niece, Hilary, and his son, Patrick, have both contested the claim that Hemingway owned cats in Key West. A neighbor allegedly owned several polydactyl cats and some, such as Hilary, have suggested that these are the forebears of the Hemingway cats. Adding to the confusion, a photograph exists of a young Patrick and Gloria (Hemingways daughter) playing with a white cat in Key West. When asked about the image, Patrick said he could not remember the incident.</p><br>
<p>Beginning in 2003, the museum was embroiled in a nine-year legal struggle against the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) over whether the Animal Welfare Act of 1966, which typically regulates zoos and circuses with big cats, applied to the museums six-toed feline population. The USDA argued that the Hemingway House was essentially a zoo, with the cats functioning as an exhibit. The USDA even sent undercover agents to monitor the cats in 2005 and 2006. The museum owners contested the USDAs claims in court. When an investigator for People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) examined the cats in 2005, they concluded: "What I found was a bunch of fat, happy and relaxed cats." Ultimately, in 2012, the United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit ruled that the Animal Welfare Act was applicable because the museum used cats in advertisements and sold cat-themed merchandise.</p><br>
<p>High Gate  is an historic residence located at 800 Fairmont Avenue in Fairmont, West Virginia.</p><br>
<p>The High Gate house and carriage house were built ca. 1910-1913 by Fairmont industrialist and financier, James E. Watson, son of the "father of the West Virginia coal industry," James O. Watson. Designed by Philadelphia architect Horace Trumbauer, the stable and the adjacent mansion remain fine example of Tudor revival architecture with half-timbering, stucco wall cladding and clay-tiled-roofs—an academic style based upon late Medieval English prototypes that was common among suburban domestic architecture in the United States in the early-20th-Century.</p><br>
<p>Although still uncommon prior to World War I, Tudor Revival became an immensely popular style during the 1920s and 1930s. High Gate is clearly a product of the early infusion of the Tudor style, as well as the opulence of the wealthy of the early 20th-Century.</p><br>
<h2>Historic preservation and restoration</h2><br>
<p>In 2002, the Vandalia Heritage Foundation partnered with Friends of High Gate, to ensure continued preservation and restoration of the Carriage House and Gardens. Vandalia Heritage Foundation will enhance use of the Carriage House and Gardens and facilitate restoration of the second floor of the building, to be utilized for office space. Upon completion of the second-floor restoration, Vandalia will truly be able to "Keep the Gates Open," preserving a significant National Historic Landmark in West Virginia&#39;s history, and an important moment in the local history of Fairmont.</p><br>
<p>The Llambias House  is a historic house located at 31 Saint Francis Street in St. Augustine, Florida. Built sometime before 1763, it is one of the few houses in Florida to survive from the first period of Spanish Florida. It was designated a National Historic Landmark on April 15, 1970. The house is now managed by the St. Augustine Historical Society as an event venue.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Llambias House is located in a residential area south of downtown St. Augustine, on the south side of Saint Francis Street between Charlotte and St. George Streets. It is a two-story structure, built mainly out of plastered coquina limestone and covered by a dormered hip roof. The street-facing facade has two windows on the ground floor, and an overhanging wood-frame balcony on the second floor, with symmetrically placed entrances at the center flanked by windows on the outside. The property includes a kitchen located in an outbuilding, which is also built of coquina.</p><br>
<p>The houses initial construction date is not known. When Florida was turned over to Great Britain by the Spanish in 1763, this house, then a single-story structure, was already standing. That structures plan is a common variant of the so-called "St. Augustine plan", a house design that the Spanish developed to deal with Florida&#39;s heat and humidity. A typical house of this plan has an open loggia chamber at one end, whereas this house has a wood-frame veranda instead. The building was enlarged in 1777-78 Juan Andreu, who added the second floor, and installed windows into previously unglazed window openings. The house was acquired by Catalinas Llambias in 1854, in whose family it remained until 1919. It was given to the city in 1954, at which time it underwent a major restoration.</p><br>
<p>The González–Álvarez House, also known as The Oldest House, is a historic house museum at 14 St. Francis Street in St. Augustine, Florida. With a construction history dating to about 1723, it is believed to be the oldest surviving house in St. Augustine. It is also an important example of St. Augustine&#39;s Spanish colonial architectural style, with later modifications by English owners. It was designated a USA National Historic Landmark in 1970. The house is now owned by the St. Augustine Historical Society and is open for public tours as part of the Oldest House Museum Complex. Evidence can be seen of the Spanish, British, and American occupations of St. Augustine.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The González–Álvarez House is located in a residential area south of downtown St. Augustine, on the north side of St. Francis Street between Charlotte and Marine Streets. It is a two-story structure, its first floor built of coquina and its upper level framed in wood with a clapboarded exterior. It is covered by a hip roof finished with wooden shingles. The building is reflective of multiple periods of alteration and enlargement, during different periods of colonial administration.</p><br>
<p>The land on which this house stands has been occupied since the 17th century, when a building is documented to have been standing here. The present house&#39;s earliest period of construction dates to about 1723, when the first floor was built, and it was documented as being occupied by Tomás González y Hernández, an artilleryman at the Castillo de San Marcos, and his family. The design of this house is one that was adopted by Spanish colonial settlers to deal with local living conditions and available building materials. It was built of readily available coquina limestone, with its main thick walls oriented east–west, and has an open covered loggia on the east side. The latter allows prevailing southeasterly winds to cool the structure, while the thick walls provide insulation from hot weather. The interior floors are made of tabby concrete.</p><br>
<p>After the British took over Florida in 1763, the González family left for Cuba. In 1774 the house was purchased by Major Joseph Peavett, an Englishman, who added the wood-frame second story, and put glass windows into openings previously only enclosed by wooden shutters. It was further enlarged by the third owner, Geronimo Alvarez, who added a two-story wing built of coquina. The house was taken over by the St. Augustine Historical Society in 1918, which undertook its restoration to a late 19th-century appearance in 1959–60, reversing a number of intervening alterations.</p><br>
<h2>List of families who lived in the oldest house</h2><br>
<p>First Spanish period</p><br>
<p>1625–1763, family of Tomas González y Hernández & María Francisco de Guevara</p><br>
<p>British period and second Spanish period</p><br>
<p>1775–1790, Joseph Peavett & Maria Evans</p><br>
<p>Second Spanish period and into statehood</p><br>
<p>1790–1882, Family of Gerónimo Álvarez & Antonia Vens</p><br>
<p>1882–1918, William B. Duke family (1882–1884), Mary Carver and Dr. Charles P. Carver (1884–1898), James W. Henderson family (1898–1911), George T. Reddington and the South Beach Alligator Farm 1911–1918</p><br>
<p>1918–present, St. Augustine Historical Society</p><br>
<p>The Cathedral Basilica of St. Augustine  is a historic cathedral in St. Augustine, Florida, and the seat of the Catholic Bishop of St. Augustine. It is located at 38 Cathedral Place between Charlotte and St. George Streets. Constructed over five years , it was designated a USA National Historic Landmark on April 15, 1970. Its congregation, established in 1565, is the oldest Christian congregation in the contiguous United States.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the mid-1560s, as the Spanish Empire expanded northward from the Caribbean to unexplored Florida, it founded the colony of St. Augustine, which has become the oldest continuously occupied European settlement on the United States mainland. Spanish settlers immediately established a shrine of the Catholic Church, the religion essential to the Spanish monarchy throughout its history. From the mid-1500s to the mid-1600s, the kingdom of Spain was undergoing a Catholic Revival in opposition to the Protestant Reformation.</p><br>
<p>As the early colonists mainly were sailors or soldiers with little expertise in architecture, the first church of St. Augustine was designed and rapidly built of disparate materials. The original parish was short-lived, burning to the ground in a 1586 attack on the town by the Englishman Sir Francis Drake. Two decades previously, the colonists hastily built a new church of straw and palmetto, which deteriorated quickly in the humid climate and burned down in 1599.</p><br>
<p>A tithe was raised in Spain, and in 1605, a third church was built, this time more permanently of timber by experienced architects and builders who had begun to make their way to the New World. For 95 years, it stayed intact, though in disrepair, before again burning down in 1702 during a failed English attempt on the city by Carolina Governor James Moore.</p><br>
<p>The church vanished for over ninety years, despite an attempt to rebuild in 1707, with royal rebuilding funds misspent on provisions, soldiers pay, and graft by public officials. During the first half of the 18th century, priests held Mass in St. Augustines hospital, which became too small for the congregation and embarrassed it before the Native American converts to Catholicism.</p><br>
<p>From 1763 to 1784, Florida fell under British rule, and reconstruction was forgotten. After Spain regained the colony in 1784, a new sense of pride in the citizenry led to the large-scale construction of the current church from 1793 to 1797. It became a cathedral in 1870 and a minor basilica in 1976.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The cathedral&#39;s eclectic facade is a combination of Spanish mission and Neoclassical styles. Spanish mission features include curving bell gables, limited fenestration, clay roof tiles, a semicircular tympanum, prominent statuary niche, and comparatively unadorned walls. Neoclassical details surround the entry door; an entablature embellished with triglyphs topped with a broken pediment above and supported by pairs of Doric columns below.</p><br>
<p>On April 12, 1887, with Florida, a part of the United States, the old Spanish structure burned once again, but the coquina blocks and cement masonry of the exterior were still salvageable. Reconstruction was begun with donations from Henry Flagler and funds raised in a national appeal. The congregation hired the visiting New York City architect James Renwick Jr.,</p><br>
<p>Renwick devised an elegant roof truss system that exposed the decorated timbers, and he added a Spanish Renaissance-style bell tower, its exposed bell typical of older Spanish mission churches in the west. Four bells were placed in the tower, one salvaged from a previous church and inscribed: "Sancte Joseph. Ora Pro Nobis. D 1682.&quot another taken from a British cathedral.</p><br>
<p>The coquina stone walls, which had saved the old structure from the flames, were of an unusual material inspired by Native American building techniques. Coquina is a sedimentary rock from the deposition of seashells on ancient shorelines and could be cheaply quarried and transported to the town. The wet quarry stone hardens when exposed to air, but remains soft enough to be readily worked, serving as a very convenient material. However, the new walls, including the bell tower, were made of modern cast-in-place concrete.</p><br>
<p>The Avero House is a historic house located at 41 St. George Street in St. Augustine, Florida, United States. The building is locally significant as one of 30 remaining houses within the historic district that pre-date 1821. It was once the site of a Minorcan Chapel. Today, the building is home to the St. Photios Greek Orthodox National Shrine.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Avero House is a two-story rectangular block with an open loggia on the southeastern portion of the lot. The walls are made of coquina stone laid in roughly horizontal courses with lime mortar, which are plastered both inside and outside. At the flat roof, there are several copper scuppers.</p><br>
<p>Although the house was apparently built around 1749, the first detailed information on its layout does not appear until a map from 1763, which depicts it as having a U-shaped floor plan.</p><br>
<p>The Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of North and South America purchased the building in 1966 and restored the house to its 1730s appearance. Today the house is open to the public as the St. Photios Greek Orthodox National Shrine, dedicated to the first colony of Greek people who came to America in 1768. The Shrine includes the St. Photios Chapel which features Byzantine iconography, the relics of 18 saints of the Early Church, and a museum with a permanent exhibit about the life of early Greek settlers as well as temporary exhibits that are changed out annually.</p><br>
<p>The Avero House was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on June 13, 1972.</p><br>
<p>Grace United Methodist Church is a historic church donated to the people of St. Augustine, Florida, by American industrialist Henry Morrison Flagler. It is located at 8 Carrera Street. Built within a one-year span , it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on November 29, 1979, for its architectural significance and as an example of community planning.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Henry Flagler set his sights on building the Hotel Alcazar across the street from the Hotel Ponce de Leon, but this site was already occupied by Olivet Methodist Episcopal Church, built in 1884. Flagler offered the trustees of the church a new plot of land and to pay the construction costs for a new church structure, which they accepted. Flagler gave them a plot of land behind his first hotel, the Hotel Ponce de Leon, at the northwest corner of Carrera and Cordova Streets. Construction on the church and an attached parsonage began in 1886 and was completed the following year. On January 1, 1888, the first service was held in the new church, named Grace Methodist Episcopal Church, and it was dedicated later in January by Bishop W.F. Mallelieu.</p><br>
<p>In total, the churchs construction cost about $85,000. Just like the Hotel Ponce de Leon, the church was designed by John M. Carrere and Thomas Hastings, of Carrere and Hastings architecture firm in New York, and constructed by contractors James A. McGuire and Joseph E. McDonald. It was built of poured concrete, an underused building material and process at the time, and was designed to complement the other Flagler buildings in St. Augustine with a Spanish Renaissance Revival architectural style. The concrete also contained shell aggregate and sand in order to withstand the sometimes harsh physical environment of coastal Florida. The red Spanish tile and terracotta designs that appear on the door and on the churchs tower are consistent with Spanish Renaissance style. The sanctuary was adorned with Louis Comfort Tiffany stained glass windows, just like the Ponce de Leon.</p><br>
<p>In 1947, a home across the street was purchased to serve as the church&#39;s parsonage, and the old parsonage was converted into an educational building for Sunday school classes and other church activities. Much of the interior was remodeled in the late 1950s. Some of the updates undertaken at this time included refinishing the walls and woodwork, remodeling the chancel and choir loft, rewiring and adding new light fixtures, installing a heating and air conditioning system, and installing new pews. The Tiffany windows remain.</p><br>
<p>In 2011, Grace UMC merged with Christ Church, another Methodist church in St. Augustine.</p><br>
<p>The Solla-Carcaba Cigar Factory  is the last standing historic cigar factory in the Lincolnville Historic District. The building is located at 88 Riberia Street in St. Augustine, Florida and was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on May 6, 1993. Current owners, Vista Hotels VIII, Inc., and its principal, Kanti Patel, are in the process of converting the building from its current use as professional office space to a Hilton-branded boutique hotel to be named, "The Factory."</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Temple  is a historic Masonic temple in Jacksonville, Florida. It is located at 410 Broad Street. Constructed by the Grand Lodge between 1901 and 1912, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on September 22, 1980.</p><br>
<p>The building currently contains retail space and non-Masonic office space as well as the offices and meeting rooms for the Most Worshipful Union Grand Lodge of Florida and Belize (a Prince Hall Masonic Grand Lodge).</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Temple No. 25, the meeting location of Hillsborough Lodge No. 25, Free and Accepted Masons, is an historic Masonic building located at 508 East Kennedy Boulevard in Tampa, Florida, United States. Erected in 1927, the Lodge building was designed by Brother Leo Elliott whose design for it was inspired by three medieval Italian cathedrals.</p><br>
<p>The cornerstone of the Hillsborough 25&#39;s fourth, and current Lodge building, was laid on June 18, 1928, by the Most Worshipful Grand Master of Florida, Cary B. Fish. The Lodge was constructed at its current location in Downtown Tampa, on the corner of East Kennedy Boulevard and Morgan Street. The first Masonic Lodge meeting in the new Temple was called on February 19, 1929. On September 11, 1986, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The building includes a large dining room, kitchen, officer offices, library, conference room, lounge area, and lodge room. The Lodge room is adorned with a 40 ft high, hand painted ceiling, and accommodates up to 450 Brothers and visitors. The Lodge rents out the three street-side rental units on the first floor to businesses.</p><br>
<p>Lodge members have included:</p><br>
<p>Joseph Robles, who led the defense against Spanish invasion along what is now Bayshore Boulevard.</p><br>
<p>Abe Maas, one of the principal owners of Maas Brothers in Downtown Tampa.</p><br>
<p>Vivian Gaither, a leader in Tampa for whom Gaither High School is named.</p><br>
<p>The Horace Walker House, also known as Castillo Sebastian is a historic home in St. Augustine, Florida built around 1888. It is located at 33 Old Mission Avenue, near the north city gate. On January 30, 1998, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The house was erected using mold-formed concrete blocks, commonly called "artificial stone". Smith was the first to make concrete blocks that used crushed coquina instead of sand, along with Portland cement. In the late 19th century, this type of construction was new but the blocks used display the same characteristics: smooth/rough opposite surfaces, plus iron rods used for structural reinforcement.</p><br>
<p>The two-story, two bedroom, two bath house is one of St. Augustine&#39;s smallest examples of Moorish Revival architecture. The flat roof with decorative parapets are typical for the style; as is the front porch with five Tuscan arches—three facing the street. The interior is ornate, with heart of pine floors; the doors and ceilings feature carved wood. The central element is a double staircase with a landing between.</p><br>
<p>The structure was designed by Franklin W. Smith, who also constructed Villa Zorayda, his personal residence in St. Augustine, and the Casa Monica Hotel, which was sold to Henry Flagler.</p><br>
<p>Markland, also known as the Andrew Anderson House, is a historic mansion in St. Augustine, Florida. It was built in the Greek Revival style of Classical Revival architecture.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Construction on the original part of the coquina shellstone mansion was begun by New York doctor Andrew Anderson Sr. in 1839, just prior to his death in a yellow fever epidemic. Anderson had first arrived in St. Augustine with his wife and two daughters in 1829.</p><br>
<p>A portion of the land east of the residence was sold by Dr. Andrew Anderson Jr., the son of Dr. Anderson Sr, in 1887 to Henry M. Flagler for construction of the Ponce de León Hotel. Dr. Anderson Jr. died in 1924. The house was then purchased by the mayor of St. Augustine, Herbert E. Wolfe, who sold it to Flagler College in 1966.</p><br>
<h2>Present day</h2><br>
<p>The Markland House is located at 102 King Street, down the street from the Ponce de León Hotel at 74 King Street. The house, still owned today by Flagler College, was added to the United States National Register of Historic Places on December 6, 1978.</p><br>
